Discussion 24 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discussion 24 - Essay Example Once this has been established you can determine how the visit should be reported† (Reporting the Confirmation of Pregnancy Visit par. 3). The discourse regarding coding pregnancy visit proceeds to make clarifications regarding patients who already had undertaken a home pregnancy test and was confirmed to be positive. In this instance, it was alleged that the purpose of the visit was to confirm the pregnancy; in which case, the noted E/M services code should be used. Otherwise, it was also explicitly noted that if the OB record was disclosed to have been initiated; the global OB package would be used and, as such, there is no need to bill the patient separately (Reporting the Confirmation of Pregnancy Visit). Other points that were discussed included confirming the pregnancy by another physician; the diagnostic reporting options; when global obstetrical care actually starts; guidelines to closely look into in global OB packages; and final decisions regarding initiating global OB care (Reporting the Confirmation of Pregnancy Visit). "Reporting the Confirmation of Pregnancy Visit." 2013. Americal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. 12 April 2013

A Definition of the Word Trust Essay Example for Free

A Definition of the Word Trust Essay When you think of a very special quality everyone should have, trust is the first thing that comes to my mind. Being able to trust someone is very important. We have to trust people in our lives every single day. Trust helps us to have relationships and friendships. Trust is defined as believing in someone in the dictionary. Although this seems simple, it is not that easy to understand and comprehend. Trust has a deep meaning as we continue to grow and change in life. We go through many things that make us change as we live, grow, and experience different challenges. Trust is believing in someone with your whole heart and believing that he or she will take care of it or appreciate it. There are so many types of trust. Three type of trust are: trusting in a family member, trusting in someone special, and trusting in friends. With our family members, we have deep trust. They have been through everything with us and most of deep dark secrets. They have been there for us during the good times and the bad. They watched us go through elementary, middle and high school. Your family has been there to watch you mature and become the person you are today. We have deep trust with them because they took care of us when we were sick or needed someone to cry on. Since we tell them everything, we are the most attached to them. They know when we are acting strange or weird and can tell when we are sad or ecstatic. They share all kinds of memories with us and understand what and where we have been. We let family know almost everything about us. We go back to them when we have nowhere else to go. We trust them with our lives because we know no matter what, that they will always love and care for us. Another kind of trust is trust in someone special or someone that we think is our true love. See more:Â  First Poem for You Essay We tell them everything about us because we believe that they really care. We tell him or her things that we keep to ourselves because we believe that he or she has committed to us. It takes a lot of time to have this kind of trust in a relationship. It takes a lot of time to confide our secrets and personal issues in someone else. When you have such a deep trust with him or her, there should be no secrets. There are no secrets when you truly love each other. This kind of trust is just part of the commitment to each other. In this commitment, you trust each other to be faithful, respectful and to always be there for each other. Another type of trust is the trust between friends. We let our friends know about some of our secrets. We keep the deep dark ones away from them. We also try to hide our past and do not trust them right away because we have had friends in the past betray and hurt us numerous times. We do not trust them right away because we do not know about their life or their past. We do not know where they come from or what they believe makes a good friend. So we as humans hide our feelings and do not trust them. It is only when we spend a lot of time and slowly open up to each other that we become closer and can eventually trust them. Trust cannot be given. It has to be earned. It is not as simple as believing. Trust is earned. When you earn trust, you realize that you can tell him or her anything and they will still be there for you. Trust is not easy to earn though. You have to really believe in the other person and know that they will not let you down. Therefore, trust is very important to humans everywhere. Trust is a huge factor of unity and without it people cannot live in unity. Only you can fully understand trust in your own way. Trust is having a special place in their heart and you having special place for them. Finally, trust is the base for all relationships and friendships. Without trust, we cannot find the true meaning of life. Trust is a must for everything in life.

Economics and the Environment :: Sustainable Growth Essays

Mainstream economic thought of the 20th century was dominated by the principle of ‘more is better’, this thinking is dangerously misguided. Concentrating on maximizing real GNP has been brought about by economists who are working on the assumption that growth is always justified, because of the infinite wants of the population. These economists also see growth as a solution to the problems of the world today. Even those who propose ‘sustainable growth’ are false in that they assume that it is possible to continue with the growth of the last two centuries. Some of the fallacies being put forth are growth as a solution to pollution, â€Å"trickle down† effect of growth needed to help the poor, and technological salvation. They feel the exponential growth of the present can continue as long as technology can keep up, and that resource efficiency can grow indefinitely so as to stabilize resource flow. By analyzing these arguments we can see their contra dictory tendencies and show that by prioritizing ‘growth’ alone, the global economy and its participants will be worse off. First, there is a natural response to the word growth. It being a sense of advancement or betterment, this is not always the case. The notion of growth must always carry with it a concept of maturity. Growing beyond it would give rise to problems. For example, when a baby grows its parents are pleased and even show off to their friends at every inch and pound. However, imagine that the baby continued to grow infinitely! The parents would be concerned to say the least. The baby would outgrow its house parents and everything else it depends on for growth. Common sense tells us that there is reasonable level at which everything must grow, beyond which it is considered detrimental to itself and its surroundings. Our economy is a subset of the ecosystem we live in, and must grow to proportions that are reasonable to it. It definitely cannot continue to grow outside of it, nor should it grow to a point where it is harmful to the ecosystem. The economy being dependent upon the ecosystem mu st adhere itself to achieving a state of compatibility with environment. Logic follows then, what is the optimal level of economic output? How do we decide what level should be maintained. We certainly cannot use the standard of the average american. In order to get that, we would have to increase the world economy by a multiple of seven! As it stands now human being use up a little more than a fourth of the worlds net primary product of photosynthesis.

Nursing Theory and Caring Essay

Caring is a simple yet strong and powerful word, an abstract concept commonly found in nursing theory. Caring implies responsibilities, connections, and trust. Nurses take on the role with pride and honor. Nurses are caregivers. Many nursing theorists looked and still do look at caring as a core concept for nursing practice. Three main theorists come to mind, Jean Watson, Patricia Benner, and Kristen Swanson, when thinking about nursing and caring, although many of theorists highlight the importance of caring in the nursing profession. Each theorist has an independent definition of what caring is, ways to use it in nursing, and what it means in the nursing world. The purpose of this paper is to examine the definition of caring through nursing and nursing theorists, compare different definitions based on the core concept of caring, analyze Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring, and examine the current relevance in nursing practice, research, and development. Definition of Caring The Oxford English Dictionary defines caring as â€Å"to take thought for, provide for, look after† (â€Å"Care,† 2011, para. 3). Theorists look at the concept of caring and break it down to discover the exact meaning behind the abstract concept. Kristen Swanson developed a middle-range theory of caring based on maternity and early loss of pregnancy. Middle-range theories â€Å"have a high explanatory value† (Andershed & Olsson, 2009, p. 598). Swanson’s researches lead her to the discovery of what caring means. Swanson described caring as an accountability and connection to another person (Andershed & Olsson, 2009).Patricia Benner is more well-known for theory of Novice to Expert Nursing. Through her research she began to look at the common phenomena surrounding nursing. Patricia Benner worked with Judith Wruble on the theory Primacy of Caring, an attempt to unveil certain factors such as nursing practice, stress, coping, and the outcome of illness (George , 2011). One of the core phenomena surrounding nursing practice is the concept of caring. Benner defined caring as â€Å"an essential skill of nurses; a basic way of being in the world† (George, 2011, p. 662). Benner’s definition offers little in  respect a more concrete understanding. Other theorists who attempt to define the abstract concept include Boykin and Schoenhofer, Florence Nightingale, and Virginia Henderson. The leading lady in theory on caring is Jean Watson. The ethics of caring is the foundation for Jean Watson’s theory. Watson defines caring as â€Å"the coming together of a nurse and another in human-to-human transaction† (George, 2011, p. 662). Her theory offers more definition to the concept of caring and what caring within nursing entails. Comparing Definitions All of the aforementioned definitions have a similarity in the way humans are part of the caring. Each looks at the value placed on an individual and the holistic approach to that individual (Bailey, 2009). The concept of caring does not look at one specific attribute of humans, but the person. Each theorist took the concept of caring and established the caring as a fundamental and integral part of nursing. Watson looked at caring as a relation-ship between two humans. Swanson’s approach was the effect caring had on a certain population. Swanson’s efforts were to bring back to nursing practice the care that originally attracted most nurses (Watson, 2009). Benner’s concept derived from the skills necessary for nursing. Benner’s previous theory of novice to expert goal was to explain the progress of a novice nurse to an expert nurse using knowledge and experience to provide care. Bailey (2009) broke down the variety of caring definitions and discovered the e ssentialness of caring for the 21st century nurse. Each theorist takes caring and applies it to how nursing functions with a person in a holistic and comprehensive manner. Watson’s Theory Jean Watson, born in 1940, developed the theory of caring and published it in 1988 with a revision in 1997. As a contemporary nursing theorist, she garnered respect from some of the most notable theorists such as Nightingale, Henderson, and Benner. Watson has received honorary doctorate degrees, received numerous rewards, and still educates at the University of Colorado Denver. The base of Watson’s theory is the ethics and moral values placed on a person, not necessarily on patients. Watson’s concept is the need to preserve the dignity of the whole person through care and respect (Bailey, 2009). The care and respect Dr. Watson refers to is the connection  the nurse makes with the patient and the family. The respect she refers to belongs also to that connection. Metaparadigms are world views. Nursing theory tends to center on four key concepts, person, environment, health, and nursing as metaparadigms. Watson’s theory of caring centers on the person, or persons, affected by the nursing care provided. In 2010, Dr. Watson gave a thrilling and emotional speech about the nursing care her father, mother, and stepmother experienced. The speech centered on the care and compassion provided by the nurses encountered (Fights, 2010). The story accurately depicts Jean Watson’s concentration on the metaparadigms of person and nursing. Her very moving story led to the Academy of Medical Surgical Nursing to adopt three words to define the medical-surgical nurse; compassion, connection, commitment (Fights, 2010). Application in Current Nursing The concepts and theories provided by Dr. Jean Watson still thrive in current nursing curriculum and practice. The United States faces one of the largest health care issues and reforms. Nursing shortages and increased expenditure on health care has caused the nation to look at ways to transform the current health care setting into a more profitable business. Jean Watson believes this happens through reinforcing the Theory of Human Caring throughout the health care field (Watson, 2009). Part of Watson’s theory is the 10 factors of caring The first three factors of caring make up the philosophy of Jean Watson. The concept behind the philosophy of caring is to practice in a caring model and not a curing model. Jean placed a large amount a value on the need for humanistic and altruistic care, the instillation of hope and faith in care, and sensitivity to the nurse and the patient receiving care (Nursing Theories, 2011). Current practice of the Caring Model presented by Watson includes Central Baptist Health in Lexington, KY., St. Mary’s Hospital in Richmond, VA., and Scottsdale Health Care in Scottsdale, AZ., and many others. Government health care reform has provided health care systems to look at the satisfaction of the patient and family in relationship to reimbursement. This is an attempt to cutting health care costs nationwide. The result is patient and family-centered theories that guide evidence-based practice Jean Watson’s theory is ideal for the transformation. Johanna Briggs Institute Research has a focus of evidence-based practices. The Johanna Briggs Institute provides sound and peer reviewed information to those knowing where to look. In researching the theory of caring, the application to current health settings is not always spelled out. In an evidence-based practice sheet produced by the Johanna Briggs Institute on stroke victims, there is a clear representation of Watson’s theory. The evidence demonstrates the need to understand the psychosocial spiritual experiences of stroke victims during the recovery process (Johanna Briggs Institute, 2009). Watson’s theory has an element that takes into account the human experience of the spirit instead of the spiritual experience of the human (Nursing Theories, 2011). Nurses need to look at a patient and what he or she is experiencing to gain the connection with the person and family and also demonstrate the commitment and compassion for what the patient and family is experiencing. Conclusion Many theorists take into account necessity of caring for a patient. Benner, Henderson, Swanson, and Watson all developed theories and philosophies based on the core concept of caring and providing care in the nursing world. Although all theories are part of current curriculum and many appeal to the contemporary nurse, Watson’s theory has stood the test of time and has been resilient even during hard economic times and reform. The 10 factors of caring of the caring philosophy govern the way a nurse practices and looks at a patient. The spiritual experiences of a patient transformed into a deep connection between the nurse and patient. Reform has pushed systems to re-evaluate the way providers deliver health care and the perception of nursing care based on that care. Systems use financial incentives to create change. Evidence-based research uses Watson’s theory and definition of caring to provide background and support. Watson’s definition broadens the scope of nur sing and includes the holistic approach to all nursing realms. References Andershed, B., & Olsson, K. (2009, September). Review of research related to Kristen Swanson’s middle-range theory of caring. Scandinavian Journal of Caring of Caring Sciences, 23(3), 598-610. doi:10.1111/j.1471-6712.2008.00647.x Bailey, D. N. (2009, March). Caring defined: A comparison and anlysis. International Journal of Human Caring, 13(1), 16-31. Retrieved from http://web.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/ehost/detail?vid=10&hid=11&sid=157942a0-9e5e-4c79-8ebc-b532097da582%40sessionmgr11&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=rzh&AN=2010235968 Fights, S. D. (2010). from AMSN, Commitment, compassion, connection. MEDSURG Nursing, 19(6), 313-316. Retrieved from http://web.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/ehost/detail?sid=157942a0-9e5e-4c79-8ebc-b532097da582%40sessionmgr11&vid=24&hid=11&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=a9h&AN=56601234 George, J. (2011). Nursing Theories: The base for professional nursing practice (6th ed.). Boston, AK: Pearson. Johanna Briggs Institute. (2009). The psychosocial spiritual experience of elderly. Retrieved from http://connect.jbiconnectplus.org/ViewSourceFile.aspx?0=503 Nursing Theories. (2011, June 21). Jean Watson’s philosophy of nursing. Retrieved from http://currentnursing.com/nursing_theory/Watson.html Watson, J. (2009, March). Caring science and human caring theory: transforming personal and professional practices of nursing and health care. Journal of Health and Human Services Administration, 31(4), 466-482. Retrieved from http://web.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/ehost/detail?sid=157942a0-9e5e-4c79-8ebc-b532097da582%40sessionmgr11&vid=45&hid=11&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=mnh&AN=19385422

Johnny Depp †A Philosopher Among Actors Essay

â€Å"If a man does not keep pace with his companions, perhaps it is because he hears a different drummer. Let him step to the music which he hears, however measured or far away.† In simple terms, this quote is referring to those who do not conform to the standards placed on them by their culture or subculture. In Hollywood, the way one becomes an A-List actor is by conforming to the Hollywood system: take the roles that provide the largest paychecks. Ben Affleck did not become a superstar celebrity by following his passion; Reindeer Games and Gigli are perfect examples of that. However, there is one actor who has consistently chosen his own roles, much to the dismay of his agent, based solely on his interest in the character he will portray. This actor has never taken a role that he did not feel passionate about, regardless of the flack he received from critics or the general public, and he is now one of Hollywood’s finest. Johnny Depp stands out from the crowd because rather than conforming to the Hollywood standard he has become an A-List actor by following his own muse, or walking â€Å"to the beat of a different drummer.† A perfect example of Johnny Depp’s passion for his work is his starring role in the movie, â€Å"Ed Wood,† about Ed Wood, a filmmaker best known for making bad movies. It sounds ironic, but Johnny was insistent that this was a great movie. Despite, at the height of his career, being told that making this movie would ruin his professional image, he pursued the role. The movie was made, and it went on to win an Academy Award. Another example of Johnny Depp’s dedication is the movie â€Å"Once Upon A Time In Mexico† filmed in the heat of the summer of 2002. Because he wanted this role, Johnny agreed to film for seven consecutive days at 12-16 hours per day! A typical A-List actor will, under no circumstances, work for more than 8 hours per shooting day. Other movies that Depp was warned not to do, which went on to become successful were: â€Å"Edward Scissorhands,† â€Å"Dead Man,† â€Å"What’s Eating Gilbert Grape,† and â€Å"Pirates of the Caribbean,† for which he is nominated for Best Actor at the Academy Awards this year. Johnny Depp is renowned for his choice of movie roles. He does not simply work for the paycheck; he is truly pursuing his passion, and he has done it  quite successfully. Roger Ebert, a well-known film critic, has called Depp â€Å"a modern Thoreau – a philosopher among actors.† At the 76th Annual Academy Awards, Johnny Depp was recognized specifically for his success in taking part in only films that he truly wanted to be a part of. Considering the standards that the industry places on actors, the fact that Johnny Depp has not sold out and taken a role simply for the money, is an admirable quality. If everyone possessed such commitment in their work, and more so, such conviction, life would be much more enjoyable to live.

Why we are essays

Why we are essays George Washington was one of the founding fathers of the United States of America. He cared for this country much like a parent would care for a child. During his presidency, he solved many consequential problems. His achievements led to a democratic, wonderful country we like to call: The United States of America. Although hes not thought of as glamorous, George Washington is looked upon with the utmost respect and awe by all countries of the world. Washington walked unsteadily on the uncharted ground of the presidency and was unsure of him self as he began the new responsibilities of his office. He had the help of only a few officials. Also, he and the Vice-President were the only heads of the executive branch. George Washington was the only president to be elected unanimously. He was the only president inaugurated in two cities: New York and Philadelphia. He never lived in DC, although he was interested in the construction of the city and bought property in DC. americanpresidents. org/presidents/gwashington.asp Washington believed that the executive, legislative, and judicial branches should have a large gap between them. He also believed that the president should not influence Congress in the passing of laws. However, if he does not agree with a certain bill, he has the power of vetoing it He served as commander-in-chief of the Continental army during the Revolutionary War, and later served as the first president of the United States. His thoughts and ideas helped mold the United States into the great country that it is today. George Washington was born on February 22, 1732 in Westmoreland County, Virginia. He was the eldest son of Augustine Washington and Mary Ball Washington. http://sc94.ameslab.gov/tour/gwash.html He received no formal education, but he read geography, military history, agriculture, deportment, and composition. Washington later developed a powerful and convincing styl...

Differences Between Correlation and Causation

Differences Between Correlation and Causation One day at lunch a young woman was eating a large bowl of ice cream, and a fellow faculty member walked up to her and said, â€Å"You had better be careful, there is a high statistical correlation between ice cream and drowning.† She must have given him a confused look, as he elaborated some more. â€Å"Days with the most sales of ice cream also see the most people drown.† When she had finished my ice cream the two colleagues discussed the fact that just because one variable is statistically associated with another, it doesn’t mean that one is the cause of the other. Sometimes there is a variable hiding in the background. In this case, the day of the year is hiding in the data. More ice cream is sold on hot summer days than snowy winter ones. More people swim in the summer, and hence more drown in the summer than in the winter. Beware of Lurking Variables The above anecdote is a prime example of what is known as a lurking variable. As its name suggests, a lurking variable can be elusive and difficult to detect. When we find that two numerical data sets are strongly correlated, we should always ask, â€Å"Could there be something else that is causing this relationship?† The following are examples of strong correlation caused by a lurking variable: The average number of computers per person in a country and that country’s average life expectancy.The number of firefighters at a fire and the damage caused by the fire.The height of an elementary school student and his or her reading level. In all of these cases, the relationship between the variables is a very strong one.  This is typically indicated by a correlation coefficient that has a value close to 1 or to -1.  It does not matter how close this correlation coefficient is to 1 or to -1, this statistic cannot show that one variable is the cause of the other variable. Detection of Lurking Variables By their nature, lurking variables are difficult to detect. One strategy, if available, is to examine what happens to the data over time. This can reveal seasonal trends, such as the ice cream example, that get obscured when the data is lumped together. Another method is to look at outliers and try to determine what makes them different than the other data. Sometimes this provides a hint of what is happening behind the scenes. The best course of action is to be proactive; question assumptions and design experiments carefully. Why Does It Matter? In the opening scenario, suppose a well-meaning but statistically uninformed congressman proposed to outlaw all ice cream in order to prevent drowning. Such a bill would inconvenience large segments of the population, force several companies into bankruptcy, and eliminate thousands of jobs as the country’s ice cream industry closed down. Despite the best of intentions, this bill would not decrease the number of drowning deaths. If that example seems a little too far fetched, consider the following, which actually happened. In the early 1900s, doctors noticed that some infants were mysteriously dying in their sleep from perceived respiratory problems. This was called crib death and is now known as SIDS. One thing that stuck out from autopsies performed on those who died from SIDS was an enlarged thymus, a gland located in the chest. From the correlation of enlarged thymus glands in SIDS babies, doctors presumed that an abnormally large thymus caused improper breathing and death. The proposed solution was to shrink the thymus with high does of radiation, or to remove the gland entirely. These procedures had a high mortality rate and led to even more deaths. What is sad is that these operations didn’t have to have been performed. Subsequent research has shown that these doctors were mistaken in their assumptions and that the thymus is not responsible for SIDS. Correlation Does Not Imply Causation The above should make us pause when we think that statistical evidence is used to justify things such as medical regimens, legislation, and educational proposals. It is important that good work is done in interpreting data, especially if results involving correlation are going to affect the lives of others. When anyone states, â€Å"Studies show that A is a cause of B and some statistics back it up,† be ready to reply, â€Å"correlation does not imply causation.† Always be on the lookout for what lurks beneath the data.